Pd/C, a heterogeneous catalyst, is mainly used for the catalytic hydrogenation. This method gives few side reactions and Pd/C is recoverable and reusable after the reaction. It is widely used because the reduction is able to be carried out efficiently various functional groups under mild neutral conditions.

The reaction proceeds Pd/C-dose-dependently, and 10 mol% of 10% Pd/C was found to be required to complete the reaction within 3 h.

Palladium on charcoal (Pd/C) has lots of salient merits

(i) it is a cheap and commercial source of palladium,

(ii) it shows efficient catalytic activity even without ligands,

(iii) as a heterogeneous catalyst it is easily recycled many times by simple filtration, and

(iv) it is applicable to a great number of reactions and substrates, although it is eventually less efficient than homogeneous Pd catalysts containing some sophisticated ligands. 

PALLADIUM CHARCOAL ACTIVATED 10%pd